What are the three terrain flight modes?

The three terrain flight modes are low level, contour, and NAP of the Earth, which collectively define various techniques for flying at reduced altitudes while minimizing exposure to enemy threats and terrain hazards.

Low-level flight involves flying at a height just above the ground, typically between 100 and 200 feet, and is useful for avoiding detection by enemy radar and limiting the time exposed to fire from enemy forces. This mode allows aircraft to navigate quickly using significant landmarks and map references.

Contour flying is a technique where the aircraft closely follows the contours of the terrain, allowing it to maneuver around obstacles such as hills and valleys. By adapting to the terrain, helicopters can stay concealed from the enemy and reduce the risk of being targeted.

NAP of the Earth, or “Nap,” is an even lower level of flight that requires the pilot to fly at a very low altitude, often below the height of surrounding terrain. This mode emphasizes staying below terrain features, using their shape as natural cover, and requires exceptional skill and awareness from the pilot to maintain safety.

Understanding these three modes is crucial for pilots in mission planning and execution, especially when operating in hostile environments where stealth and safety are priorities.